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Fuel Heating Values
Solids,
Liquids and Gases
Wood
Heat
Definition
of Units
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Solids,
Liquids and Gases
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By
Weight MJ/kg
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By
Volume MJ/m3
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| SOLIDS |
| Anthracite
and Bituminous Coal |
24-38
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30,000-50,000
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| Charcoal |
30
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11,000
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| Peat
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15-16
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14,000-15,000
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| Stalks,
Straw and Seed Hulls |
16-22
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~10,000
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Wood
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14-20
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8,000-20,000
(see also Wood Heat by Volume section below)
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| LIQUIDS |
| Diesel
Oil |
43-46
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36,000-38,400
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| Ethanol |
27-30
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21,600-23,900
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| Fuel
Oil |
41-44
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39,000-41,300
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| Gasoline
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42-45
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31,000-33,300
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| Hydrogen,
Liquid |
120-142
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8,400-10,000
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| Kerosene
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44-47
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33,400-36,300
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| Methanol
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20-23
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15,900-18,000
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| Vegetable
Oils |
39-40
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36,000
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| GASES |
| Biogas
(65% methane) |
20
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Depends
on the amount the gas is compressed
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| Hydrogen,
Gas (compressed) |
120-142
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"
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| Methane
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50-56
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"
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| Propane |
44-48
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"
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Wood
Heat (Per Cord for Common Species)*
*Green wood, with more moisture, has a lower
heating value than dried wood. Evergreens,
such as fir and pine, contain quite a lot of resin and can
lead to creosote build-up in the wood stove flue.
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| Species |
Million
BTUs/cord
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| Ash |
16.5-20.0
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| Aspen |
10.3-12.5
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| Beech,
American |
17.3-21.8
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| Birch,
Yellow |
17.3-21.3
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| Douglas
Fir, heartwood |
13.0-18.0
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| Elm, American
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14.3-17.2
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| Hickory,
Shagbark |
20.7-24.6
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| Maple,
Red |
15.0-18.6
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| Maple,
Sugar |
18.4-21.3
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| Oak, Red
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17.9-21.3
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| Oak, White
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19.2-22.7
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| Pine, Eastern
White |
12.1-13.3
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| Pine, Southern
Yellow |
14.2-20.5
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Definition
of Units:
MJ = million
joules or about 948 BTUs
BTU = the amount of heat necessary to raise 1 pound of water 1 degree
Fahrenheit
1 MJ/kg = about 430 BTU/pound
kg = kilogram, about 2.2 pounds
m3 = cubic meter, about 35.3 cubic feet
cord = 128 cubic feet, about 3.6 cubic meters
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